1) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}=5\\2\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{y}=18\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{y}=15\\2\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{y}=18\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}11\sqrt{x}=33\\3\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=3\\\sqrt{y}=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=9\\y=16\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=9\\y=16\end{matrix}\right.\)

2) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+3}-2\sqrt{y+1}=2\\2\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{y+1}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2\sqrt{x+3}+4\sqrt{y+1}=-4\\2\sqrt{x+3}+\sqrt{y+1}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5\sqrt{y+1}=0\\\sqrt{x+3}-2\sqrt{y+1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{y+1}=0\\\sqrt{x+3}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+1=0\\x+3=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: Hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

4. Đk: \(x,y\ge0\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y+1}=1\\\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\left(1\right)\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y+1}\ge0+1=1\\\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x+1}\ge0+1=1\end{matrix}\right.\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=0,\sqrt{x+1}=1\\\sqrt{y}=0,\sqrt{y+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)<tmđk>

Vậy hệ pt có nghiệm \(\left(x,y\right)=\left(0;0\right)\)

a, ĐK: \(x,y\ge0\)

\(hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x+3}-\sqrt{x}}=3\\\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{x+3}\\\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+3}=x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+3=x^2+2x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thay \(x=1\) vào hệ phương trình đã cho ta được \(y=1\)

Vậy pt đã cho có nghiệm \(x=y=1\)

b, \(hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\\x^2+y^2=3\left(x+y\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x+y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\x^2+y^2=3\left(x+y\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x^2-3x=0\end{matrix}\right.\left(1\right)\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\x^2+y^2=-3\end{matrix}\right.\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=3\\x=y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ...

c, Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=a\\xy=b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2+xy=7\\\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-x^2y^2=21\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=7\\a^2-b^2=21\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=7\\a-b=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5\\b=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=5\\xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=9\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y=\pm3\)

TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-3\\xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

1/PT (1) cho ta nhân tử x - y - 1:)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(17-3x\right)\sqrt{5-x}+\left(3y-14\right)\sqrt{4-y}=0\left(1\right)\\2\sqrt{2x+y+5}+3\sqrt{3x+2y+11}=x^2+6x+13\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

ĐK: \(x\le5;y\le4\); \(2x+y+5\ge0;3x+2y+11\ge0\)

PT (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(17-3x\right)\left(\sqrt{5-x}-\sqrt{4-y}\right)-3\left(x-y-1\right)\sqrt{4-y}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-17\right)\left(\frac{x-y-1}{\sqrt{5-x}+\sqrt{4-y}}\right)-3\left(x-y-1\right)\sqrt{4-y}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y-1\right)\left(\frac{3x-17}{\sqrt{5-x}+\sqrt{4-y}}-3\sqrt{4-y}\right)=0\)

Dễ thấy cái ngoặc to < 0

Do đó x= y + 1

Thay xuống PT (2):\(y^2+8y+20=2\sqrt{3y+7}+3\sqrt{5y+14}\)\(\left(y+1\right)\left(y+2\right)=y^2+3y+2\)

ĐK: \(y\ge-\frac{7}{3}\) (để các căn thức được thỏa mãn)

PT (2) \(\Leftrightarrow y^2+3y+2+2\left(y+3-\sqrt{3y+7}\right)+3\left(y+4-\sqrt{5y+14}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y^2+3y+2\right)\left(1+\frac{2}{y+3+\sqrt{3y+7}}+\frac{3}{y+4+\sqrt{5y+14}}\right)=0\)

Cái ngoặc to > 0 =>...

P/s: Is that true? Ko đúng thì chịu thua-_- Mất nửa tiếng đồng hồ để gõ bài này đấy:(

2/ĐK: \(x\ge-y;y\ge0\)

PT (1) \(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+y\right)+\sqrt{x+y}=2y^2+\sqrt{2y}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+y\left(x-y\right)+\sqrt{x+y}-\sqrt{2y}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x+2y+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+y}+\sqrt{2y}}\right)=0\)

Cái ngoặc to \(\ge y+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+y}+\sqrt{2y}}>0\).

Do đó x = y \(\ge0\)

Thay xuống pt dưới: \(x^3-5x^2+14x-4=6\sqrt[3]{x^2-x+1}\)

Lập phương hai vế lên ra pt bậc 6, tuy nhiên cứ yên tâm, nghiệm rất đẹp: x = 1:)

Em đưa kết quả luôn: \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-4x+7\right)\left(x^6-10x^5+56x^4-160x^3+272x^2-64x+40\right)=0\)

P/s: khúc cuối em ko còn cách nào khác nên đành lập phương:((

a.

ĐKXĐ: \(x;y\ge-1;xy\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-3=\sqrt{xy}\\x+y+2\sqrt{xy+x+y+1}=14\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=u\\xy=v\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) với \(u^2\ge4v\) 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u-3=\sqrt{v}\\u+2\sqrt{u+v+1}=14\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=u^2-6u+9\left(u\ge3\right)\\4\left(u+v+1\right)=\left(14-u\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=\left(u-3\right)^2\\4u+4\left(u^2-6u+9\right)+4=\left(14-u\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=\left(u-3\right)^2\\3u^2+8u-156=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v=\left(u-3\right)^2\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}u=6\\u=-\dfrac{26}{3}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=6\\v=9\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=6\\xy=9\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=y=3\)

b.

ĐKXĐ: \(x;y\ge1\)

Xét \(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y-2+2\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}=9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)}=\dfrac{11-x-y}{2}\)

Thế vào pt đầu:

\(x+y=5+\dfrac{11-x-y}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y=7\Rightarrow y=7-x\)

Thế xuống pt dưới:

\(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{6-x}=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5+2\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(6-x\right)}=9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(6-x\right)=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

1.

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y-\sqrt{xy}=0\\\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{2y-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(pt\left(1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{y}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=-\sqrt{y}\\\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{2y}\end{matrix}\right.\)

cái đầu tiên loại vì x=y=0 không phải là nghiệm của hệ

suy ra x=2y thày vào pt(2) ta thấy 0 = 1 vô lý

vậy pt vô nghiệm

a: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{5}x-y=\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\\2\sqrt{3}x+3\sqrt{5}y=21\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{15}x-2\sqrt{3}\cdot y=2\sqrt{15}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\\2\sqrt{15}x+15y=21\sqrt{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2\sqrt{3}y-15y=2\sqrt{45}-2\sqrt{15}-21\sqrt{5}\\2\sqrt{3}x+3\sqrt{5}y=21\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y\left(-2\sqrt{3}-15\right)=-15\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{15}\\2\sqrt{3}\cdot x+3\sqrt{5}\cdot y=21\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{15\sqrt{5}+2\sqrt{15}}{2\sqrt{3}+15}=\sqrt{5}\\2\sqrt{3}x+3\sqrt{5}\cdot y=21\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\sqrt{5}\\2\sqrt{3}x=21-3\sqrt{5}\cdot\sqrt{5}=21-15=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\sqrt{5}\\x=\dfrac{6}{2\sqrt{3}}=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

b: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1,7x-2y=3,8\\2,1x+5y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8,5x-10y=19\\4,2x+10y=0,8\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8,5x-10y+4,2x+10y=19,8\\2,1x+5y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}12,7x=19,8\\2,1x+5y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{198}{127}\\5y=0,4-2,1x=-\dfrac{365}{127}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{198}{127}\\y=-\dfrac{73}{127}\end{matrix}\right.\)

a.

ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2\\y\ge3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-2}+3\sqrt{y-3}=9\\2\sqrt{x-2}-3\sqrt{y-3}=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-2}+3\sqrt{y-3}=9\\5\sqrt{x-2}=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-2}+3\sqrt{y-3}=9\\\sqrt{x-2}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-2}=1\\\sqrt{y-3}=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=7\end{matrix}\right.\)

b.

ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne-1\\y\ne-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{15x}{x+1}+\dfrac{10}{y+4}=20\\\dfrac{4x}{x+1}-\dfrac{10}{y+4}=8\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{15x}{x+1}+\dfrac{10}{y+4}=20\\\dfrac{19x}{x+1}=28\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{x+1}=\dfrac{28}{19}\\\dfrac{1}{y+4}=-\dfrac{4}{19}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}19x=28x+28\\4y+16=-19\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{28}{9}\\y=-\dfrac{35}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x+2}{y-1}=\dfrac{x-4}{y+2}\\\dfrac{2x+3}{y-1}=\dfrac{4x+1}{2y+1}\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+2\right)\left(y+2\right)=\left(y-1\right)\left(x-\text{4}\right)\\\left(2x+3\right)\left(2y+1\right)=\left(y-1\right)\left(4x+1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy+2x+2y+4=xy-4y-x+4\\4xy+2x+6y+3=4xy-4x+y-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+6y=0\\6x+5y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{8}{7}\\y=\dfrac{4}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)(TM)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5\left(x-y\right)-3\left(2x+3y\right)=12\\3\left(x+2y\right)-4\left(x+2y\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x-5y-6x-9y=12\\3x+6y-4x-8y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x-14y=12\\-x-2y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇔\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{26}{3}\\y=-\dfrac{7}{12}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy HPT có nghiệm (x;y) = (\(-\dfrac{26}{3};-\dfrac{7}{12}\))